Flutter 中自定義動(dòng)畫底部導(dǎo)航欄
在這個(gè)博客中，我們將探索Flutter中的自定義動(dòng)畫底部導(dǎo)航欄。我們將看到如何實(shí)現(xiàn)自定義動(dòng)畫底部導(dǎo)航欄的演示程序以及如何在您的 Flutter 應(yīng)用程序中使用它。
介紹：
顯示在應(yīng)用程序底部的Material小部件，用于在幾個(gè)視角中進(jìn)行選擇，通常在 3 到 5 范圍內(nèi)的某個(gè)位置。底部導(dǎo)航欄包含各種選項(xiàng)，如文本標(biāo)簽、圖標(biāo)或兩者。它提供了應(yīng)用程序的高級(jí)視角之間的快速導(dǎo)航。對(duì)于更大的屏幕，側(cè)面導(dǎo)航可能更合適。
這個(gè)演示視頻展示了如何在 flutter 中使用自定義的底部導(dǎo)航欄。它展示了自定義底部導(dǎo)航欄將如何在您的 Flutter 應(yīng)用程序中工作。它顯示當(dāng)用戶點(diǎn)擊底部導(dǎo)航欄圖標(biāo)時(shí)，它們將被動(dòng)畫化并顯示標(biāo)簽文本。當(dāng)用戶點(diǎn)擊任何圖標(biāo)時(shí)，顏色也會(huì)發(fā)生變化和動(dòng)畫。它將顯示在您的設(shè)備上。
特性
自定義動(dòng)畫底部導(dǎo)航欄的一些屬性是：
selectedIndex：這個(gè)屬性用于被選中的項(xiàng)是一個(gè)索引。更改此屬性將更改所選項(xiàng)目并為其設(shè)置動(dòng)畫。默認(rèn)為零。 backgroundColor：該屬性用于導(dǎo)航欄的背景顏色。如果未提供，則默認(rèn)為 Theme.bottomAppBarColor。 showElevation：此屬性用于此導(dǎo)航欄是否應(yīng)顯示高程。默認(rèn)為真。 List items ：該屬性用于定義底部導(dǎo)航欄中顯示的按鈕的外觀。這應(yīng)該至少有兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目，最多五個(gè)。onItemSelected：該屬性用于在按下項(xiàng)目時(shí)調(diào)用的回調(diào)。 **curve：**該屬性用于配置動(dòng)畫曲線。 itemCornerRadius：該屬性用于物品的角半徑，如果不設(shè)置，默認(rèn)為50。
如何在 dart 文件中實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的 dart 文件*my_home_page.dart*。
在構(gòu)建方法中，我們將返回一個(gè) scaffold()。在里面我們將添加一個(gè) appBar。在 appBar 中，我們將添加 title 和 backgroundColor。我們將添加 body 并添加到**getBody()小部件中。下面我們將深入定義代碼?，F(xiàn)在，我們將添加 bottomNavigationBar 并將其添加到_buildBottomBar()**小部件中。我們還將深入定義下面的代碼。
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
automaticallyImplyLeading: false,
title: Text("Custom Animated Bottom Navigation Bar"),
backgroundColor: Colors.green[200],
),
body: getBody(),
bottomNavigationBar: _buildBottomBar()
);
我們將深入定義**getBody()**小部件
首先，我們將創(chuàng)建一個(gè)整數(shù)變量 _currentIndex 等于零。
int_currentIndex = 0;
我們將創(chuàng)建 getBody() 小部件。在這個(gè)小部件中，我們將添加 List
Widget getBody() {
List<Widget> pages = [
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Home",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Users",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Messages",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Settings",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
];
return IndexedStack(
index: _currentIndex,
children: pages,
);
}
我們將創(chuàng)建一個(gè) _buildBottomBar() 小部件。在這個(gè)小部件中，我們將返回一個(gè)CustomAnimatedBottomBar()。在里面，我們將添加一個(gè)容器高度、backgroundColor、selectedIndex、變量_currentIndex、showElevation、動(dòng)畫曲線、onItemSelected和items。在 items 中， e 將添加四個(gè)BottomNavyBarItem()。在里面，我們將添加四個(gè)不同的圖標(biāo)、標(biāo)題、activeColors，并且所有的 text-align 都應(yīng)該居中。
Widget _buildBottomBar(){
return CustomAnimatedBottomBar(
containerHeight: 70,
backgroundColor: Colors.black,
selectedIndex: _currentIndex,
showElevation: true,
itemCornerRadius: 24,
curve: Curves.easeIn,
onItemSelected: (index) => setState(() => _currentIndex = index),
items: <BottomNavyBarItem>[
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.apps),
title: Text('Home'),
activeColor: Colors.green,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.people),
title: Text('Users'),
activeColor: Colors.purpleAccent,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.message),
title: Text(
'Messages ',
),
activeColor: Colors.pink,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.settings),
title: Text('Settings'),
activeColor: Colors.blue,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
],
);
}
創(chuàng)建custom_animated_bottom_bar.dart文件
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
class CustomAnimatedBottomBar extends StatelessWidget {
CustomAnimatedBottomBar({
Key? key,
this.selectedIndex = 0,
this.showElevation = true,
this.iconSize = 24,
this.backgroundColor,
this.itemCornerRadius = 50,
this.containerHeight = 56,
this.animationDuration = const Duration(milliseconds: 270),
this.mainAxisAlignment = MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,
required this.items,
required this.onItemSelected,
this.curve = Curves.linear,
}) : assert(items.length >= 2 && items.length <= 5),
super(key: key);
final int selectedIndex;
final double iconSize;
final Color? backgroundColor;
final bool showElevation;
final Duration animationDuration;
final List<BottomNavyBarItem> items;
final ValueChanged<int> onItemSelected;
final MainAxisAlignment mainAxisAlignment;
final double itemCornerRadius;
final double containerHeight;
final Curve curve;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
final bgColor = backgroundColor ?? Theme.of(context).bottomAppBarColor;
return Container(
decoration: BoxDecoration(
color: bgColor,
boxShadow: [
if (showElevation)
const BoxShadow(
color: Colors.black12,
blurRadius: 2,
),
],
),
child: SafeArea(
child: Container(
width: double.infinity,
height: containerHeight,
padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 6, horizontal: 8),
child: Row(
mainAxisAlignment: mainAxisAlignment,
children: items.map((item) {
var index = items.indexOf(item);
return GestureDetector(
onTap: () => onItemSelected(index),
child: _ItemWidget(
item: item,
iconSize: iconSize,
isSelected: index == selectedIndex,
backgroundColor: bgColor,
itemCornerRadius: itemCornerRadius,
animationDuration: animationDuration,
curve: curve,
),
);
}).toList(),
),
),
),
);
}
}
class _ItemWidget extends StatelessWidget {
final double iconSize;
final bool isSelected;
final BottomNavyBarItem item;
final Color backgroundColor;
final double itemCornerRadius;
final Duration animationDuration;
final Curve curve;
const _ItemWidget({
Key? key,
required this.item,
required this.isSelected,
required this.backgroundColor,
required this.animationDuration,
required this.itemCornerRadius,
required this.iconSize,
this.curve = Curves.linear,
}) : super(key: key);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Semantics(
container: true,
selected: isSelected,
child: AnimatedContainer(
width: isSelected ? 130 : 50,
height: double.maxFinite,
duration: animationDuration,
curve: curve,
decoration: BoxDecoration(
color:
isSelected ? item.activeColor.withOpacity(0.2) : backgroundColor,
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(itemCornerRadius),
),
child: SingleChildScrollView(
scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
physics: NeverScrollableScrollPhysics(),
child: Container(
width: isSelected ? 130 : 50,
padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 8),
child: Row(
mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.max,
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.start,
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
IconTheme(
data: IconThemeData(
size: iconSize,
color: isSelected
? item.activeColor.withOpacity(1)
: item.inactiveColor == null
? item.activeColor
: item.inactiveColor,
),
child: item.icon,
),
if (isSelected)
Expanded(
child: Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 4),
child: DefaultTextStyle.merge(
style: TextStyle(
color: item.activeColor,
fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
),
maxLines: 1,
textAlign: item.textAlign,
child: item.title,
),
),
),
],
),
),
),
),
);
}
}
class BottomNavyBarItem {
BottomNavyBarItem({
required this.icon,
required this.title,
this.activeColor = Colors.blue,
this.textAlign,
this.inactiveColor,
});
final Widget icon;
final Widget title;
final Color activeColor;
final Color? inactiveColor;
final TextAlign? textAlign;
}
代碼文件
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_animated_bottom/custom_animated_bottom_bar.dart';
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
@override
_MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}
class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
int _currentIndex = 0;
final _inactiveColor = Colors.grey;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
automaticallyImplyLeading: false,
title: Text("Custom Animated Bottom Navigation Bar"),
backgroundColor: Colors.green[200],
),
body: getBody(),
bottomNavigationBar: _buildBottomBar()
);
}
Widget _buildBottomBar(){
return CustomAnimatedBottomBar(
containerHeight: 70,
backgroundColor: Colors.black,
selectedIndex: _currentIndex,
showElevation: true,
itemCornerRadius: 24,
curve: Curves.easeIn,
onItemSelected: (index) => setState(() => _currentIndex = index),
items: <BottomNavyBarItem>[
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.apps),
title: Text('Home'),
activeColor: Colors.green,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.people),
title: Text('Users'),
activeColor: Colors.purpleAccent,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.message),
title: Text(
'Messages ',
),
activeColor: Colors.pink,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
BottomNavyBarItem(
icon: Icon(Icons.settings),
title: Text('Settings'),
activeColor: Colors.blue,
inactiveColor: _inactiveColor,
textAlign: TextAlign.center,
),
],
);
}
Widget getBody() {
List<Widget> pages = [
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Home",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Users",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Messages",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
Container(
alignment: Alignment.center,
child: Text("Settings",style: TextStyle(fontSize: 25,fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),),
),
];
return IndexedStack(
index: _currentIndex,
children: pages,
);
}
}
結(jié)論：
在文章中，我已經(jīng) 在flutter中講解了自定義動(dòng)畫BottomNavigation Bar的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；您可以根據(jù)自己的選擇修改此代碼。這是我對(duì)用戶交互自定義動(dòng)畫底部導(dǎo)航欄的一個(gè)小介紹。
原文鏈接：https://medium.com/flutterdevs/custom-animated-bottomnavigation-bar-in-flutter-65293e231e4a
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